Automobile Regulations in India: What Every Driver and Importer Needs to Know

If you own a car or plan to bring one to India, you’ll quickly discover there are many rules to follow. From emission limits to safety tests, the government keeps a close eye on every vehicle on the road. Skipping these rules can mean fines, registration delays, or even a vehicle that can’t be driven. Below is a straightforward rundown of the most important regulations you’ll meet.

Key Safety and Emission Standards

India follows the Bharat Stage (BS) emission standards, which are similar to Euro norms. As of 2025, BS‑VI is mandatory for all new cars, trucks and buses. This means you need a vehicle equipped with a diesel particulate filter (DPF) or a gasoline direct‑injection system that meets the stricter limits.

Safety-wise, every new vehicle must pass the Indian crash test protocol set by the Ministry of Road Transport and Highways (MoRTH). The test looks at frontal impact, side impact and rollover protection. Cars that score well get a higher safety rating, which can affect insurance premiums.

Registration, Taxes and Import Rules

When you buy a vehicle in India, you must register it within 30 days at the local Regional Transport Office (RTO). The process requires proof of address, a valid ID, purchase invoice and a fitness certificate for used cars. Registration fees vary by state but typically range from 1% to 2% of the vehicle’s price.

If you’re importing a car, the rules get a bit tougher. You’ll pay customs duty (around 100% of the car’s value for new cars), GST, and a cess for luxury or high‑emission models. Importers also need to obtain a No‑Objection Certificate (NOC) from the Ministry of Heavy Industries before the vehicle can be cleared at the port.

For electric vehicles (EVs), the government offers incentives like lower registration fees and a reduced GST rate of 5%. Additionally, many states provide a one‑time subsidy that can lower the purchase price by up to 1.5 lakh rupees.

Don’t forget about the periodic fitness test. Cars older than 15 years must undergo an annual inspection, while newer vehicles get a test every two years. Failure to pass means you can’t renew your registration and may face a fine.

Finally, keep an eye on rule updates. The government frequently revises emission norms, safety standards and tax structures. Subscribing to MoRTH alerts or checking the official website can save you from unexpected costs.

Understanding these automobile regulations helps you avoid penalties and keeps you on the road legally. Whether you’re buying locally, importing a dream car, or just renewing your registration, following the steps above makes the process smoother and cheaper.